- Economic and fiscal instruments
The funding guideline of the City of Chemnitz in Germany (Förderrichtlinie der Stadt Chemnitz für die Gewährung einer Zuwendung zur...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
London National Park city is a grassroots campaign and movement launched in 2014 in the UK by a group of citizens. Inspired by the concept...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Krakow Metropolis 2030 Strategy is a supra-local strategy for 15 municipalities in Poland (the City of Kraków and 14 municipalities...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Barcelona (Spain) is currently implementing the "Trees for Living - Barcelona Tree Master Plan 2017-37" as part of its Green...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The city of Barcelona in Spain released its Green Infrastructure and Biodiversity Plan in 2013, aiming to enhance its urban green spaces...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Oslo and neighbouring Bærum municipalities participated in developing the first version of Blue-Green Factor (BGF) in 2014. Since then the...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Palou Strategic Plan is a strategic instrument that defines the vision of an agricultural area in relation to the city over a 10-year...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
"Fem un Jardí" is a cooperation instrument that seeks the improvement of a park, garden or periurban forest area where a school...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The River Stewardship Agreement is a regional cooperation agreement that formalizes the collaboration between the Catalan Water Agency and...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Krakow Climate Panel (Poland) was dedicated to climate change and achieving climate neutrality in the city. Its aim was to answer the...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Krakow rainwater and snowmelt microretention program in Poland, which has been running since 2014, aims to promote rainwater retention...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Map of Opportunities is a knowledge and innovation instrument created by citizens, communities and other local stakeholders together...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Glasgow City Council and Glasgow Housing Association launched the Stalled Spaces community-based agreement in 2011 to address long-term...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The French ÉcoQuartier labeling scheme translates principles into sustainable urban development (SUS), aiming to "provide housing for...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The repurposing of streets into green transit areas is an agreement-based instrument to increase the amount of urban green spaces in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The cooperative instrument "One square in every neighborhood" aims to restore public spaces in each of the 30 districts at the...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The cooperative instrument implemented in the "Zagreb For Me" project aims to decentralize and revitalize green public spaces at...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
"Urban Parks" is one of the strategic scenarios within The Quality Impulse Green (Kwaliteitsimpuls Groen), Amsterdam's city-...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Liberties Greening Strategy was a combination of proposals in 2015 for new green spaces, the enhancement of key streets and civic...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Main Green Structure is a planning instrument initiated in 2003 that protects Amsterdam's metropolitan green structure. It...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The standard is a binding policy instrument that sets a minimum proportion of green spaces in the total area of new development projects in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The London Urban Forest Partnership launched in 2020 as a city-wide network of organisations that collaborate to protect, manage and...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The City of Nantes has dedicated over 5% of its total budget to green space in 2010 as part of its re-naturing policies. Within this...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The city of Marseille implemented a vegetation permit starting in 2015 called "Visa Vert" (Green Visa). This urban planning...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Since 2010, the city of Montpellier has supported a community-based agreement on micro-flowering projects ('Projets de...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Nancy's Charter for Trees ('La Charte de l'Arbre de la ville de Nancy') was first signed in 1996 and renewed in 2013....
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
On June 1, 2017, Saint-Etienne Métropole (France) committed to the implementation of measures to strengthen the circulation of wildlife...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Neighborhood Management in Berlin, Germany ('Quartiersmanagement') is a community-based programme aiming to support...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The city of Hamburg in Germany published a dedicated green roof strategy in 2014 with the objective of greening at least 70% of new...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Empty Plots Plan (Urban Slots with Territorial and Social Involvement) is an agreement-based instrument of the Barcelona City Council...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Special Plan of the Green Belt of Terrassa (Anella Verda de Terrassa) aims to arrange and regulate the territory of the Green Belt of...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The National Championship ‘Tile-tipping’ (NK Tegelwippen) in the Netherlands is an annual competition that started in 2020, in which the...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
In response to the growing problem of local floods and an overloaded sewerage system, the municipality of Rumia in Poland introduced a tax...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The green roof subsidy programme in Hamburg, Germany started in 2014 and offers financial support for the voluntary creation of green roofs...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Special Plan of the Natural Space of Gallecs aims to preserve the natural and landscape values of a rural area located 15 kilometers...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Emscher Future Master Plan (2006 to 2020) is an intersectoral and intermunicipal planning instrument that guided the restoration of the...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Blue Deal is a voluntary action plan of the Flemish government in Belgium to combat water scarcity and drought. The main objective is...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
Bujna Warszawa ("Lush Warsaw") is a programme established in 2017 to support the inhabitants of Warsaw (Poland) in setting up and...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Canary Wharf Biodiversity Action Plan (2018-2028) is a voluntary strategy to protect and improve biodiversity in Canary Wharf Estate in...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The city of Montpellier in France launched a targeted strategy in 2011 to provide evidence and guidance on managing abandoned areas in the...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The city of Bratislava implemented a subsidy scheme in 2016 for the purchase of rainwater management installations, to encourage private...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
"Directions of development and management of green areas in Krakow for 2019-2030" is a document indicating the directions of...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Since October 2015, the City of Marseille (France) has implemented a "Charter for the vegetation of public spaces in Marseille"....
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Nature Fabric Planning is a voluntary policy transition process that is currently in development in Flanders, Belgium. 'Nature fabric...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
This training course for municipal policymakers in the Île-de-France region (France) focuses on restoring and valuing nature in the city....
- Economic and fiscal instruments
Flanders breaks out ("Vlaanderen breekt uit") is an economic programme launched by the Flemish government in Belgium in 2018 to...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Tree Charter motivates cities and municipalities across Flanders (Belgium) to commit themselves to obtaining a certain number of...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The "Vienna Urban Heat Island Strategy" (2011-2014) is an initiative of the City of Vienna in Austria, covering the city as well...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Dare to Dream of a Green River (Durven dromen van een Groene Rivier) is a vision for the transformation of the Green Singel area in Antwerp...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Statute for the Avoidance of Gravel Gardens (Satzung zur Verhinderung von Schottergärten) in Chemnitz, Germany is a dedicated law to...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
Since 2008, citizens can apply for a green roof subsidy from the city of Rotterdam in the Netherlands to partially cover the otherwise...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Revival Partnership Plan of Don river is a community-based agreement in Doncaster, United Kingdom that aims to maximize the natural...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Rainproof is a network in Amsterdam in the Netherlands aiming to make the city rainproof by 2050 by activating all parties that can...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
In 2021, the Glasgow City Region launched a new Forestry and Woodland Strategy that aims to boost the number of trees in the wider city...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
In 2019, the Wroclaw Green Spaces Authority in Poland launched binding standards for the protection of trees during ongoing construction...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The City of Chemnitz (Germany) passed a Statute on Parking Spaces in 2022 (Stellplatzgestaltungssatzung), which aims is to promote a...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The "Green Roof Strategy" (2005-2007) is an initiative of the city of Basel in Switzerland with the main aim to increase the...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The origin of the Green Belt of Vitoria-Gasteiz dates back to the Municipal Urban Development Plan of 1986, in which the local government...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
In order to fund the transformation of Bilbao’s ‘Zorrotzaurre’ district in Spain from a degraded, flood-prone industrial peninsula into a...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
Seine-St-Denis has organized the the 24 hours of biodiversity since 2010. Once a year, over a weekend or a day, the knowledge instrument...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Leipzig's open space strategy ‘Living Green City on the Waterfront’ (2017, Germany) is a comprehensive strategy for the city's...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
'Grey to Green' is a ground-breaking environmental and economic development strategy devised by Sheffield City Council in the UK...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Since 2012, the Eurometropole of Strasbourg, France has been developing a charter entitled "United for more biodiversity" ("...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Lyon, France has introduced specific targets a for the overall amount of green spaces and trees to exist in the city. The targets are part...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
As part of a targeted Green Infrastructure Strategy, the City of Wakefield in the UK proposed three initiatives to maximize the impact of...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
In 2016, the City of Paris, France created the "Parisculteurs" program to facilitate and accelerate urban agriculture projects in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Launched in 2017, the "Strasbourg grows" programme ("Strasbourg ça pousse") supports residents in urban greening and...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
Launched in 2017, the "Strasbourg grows" programme ("Strasbourg ça pousse") supports residents in urban greening/...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Masterplan for the Redevelopment of the Stiemer Valley is a strategic policy document dedicated to the redevelopment of the green-blue...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
'Friends of the Stiemer' is a citizen panel initiated in 2019 that is involved in supporting the Stiemer Valley (Genk, Belgium)...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Stiemerdeals is a framework to create new alliances between stakeholders who wish to contribute to the transformation of the Stiemer...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Polish municipalities have various regulations, requirements and agreements concerning green areas, which encourage companies responsible...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
One of the Green Deals of the Flemish Government in Belgium focuses on Business Parks & Biodiversity and explores how investments in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
One of the Green Deals of the Flemish Government in Belgium focuses on Natural Gardens. With this Green Deal, the gardening sector explores...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Rotterdam Urban Traffic Plan 2017 - 2030+ is a strategic planning document of the Municipality of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. The...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The “Natural Choices for Health and Wellbeing” programme in Liverpool, UK was a municipal-level pilot scheme between the Liverpool Primary...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Greenspace Audit in Sunderland, UK is a standard that helps ensure that residents in all areas of the city have accessibility to a...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
With its green bonds framework, the City of Gothenburg in Sweden finances sustainability projects that promote a transition to a low-carbon...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Green Space Factor and the Green Points System are two integrated green planning instruments adopted in the Västra Hamnen District in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Thames Chase Plan aims to reforest and enhance landscapes in the Thames Chase region (i.e. East London and South Essex), directly...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Bristol Community Asset Transfer is a city-wide planning instrument that provides leases for 150 publicly-owned properties in Bristol,...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
In 2010, the city of Copenhagen, Denmark introduced a policy making it mandatory for new municipal buildings to have green roofs if roof...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The All London Green Grid (ALGG) is a policy framework to promote the design and delivery of multifunctional green infrastructure across...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Green Exercise Partnership (GEP) is a funding scheme launched in 2007 by the Forestry Commission Scotland, Scot Nature (formerly...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Greening the Business Improvements Districts (BID) is a public-private programme implemented in 2012-2018 to identify and deliver...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Grow Back Greener Fund was first launched by the Mayor of London (United Kingdom) in 2020 to fund community projects that create and...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Lombardy Region in Italy launched the "Biodiversity and Climate" (BioClima) call in 2022 to test public-private financing...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
Berlin’s 2016 Urban Development Plan for Climate Adaptation (StEP KONKRET) is a sectoral plan, which provides a framework for the city...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Biotope Area Factor (BAF, Biotopflächenfaktor) is an urban planning instrument that provides clear but flexible guidelines for...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Glasgow Open Space Strategy (OSS) is a strategy that sets how the city of Glasgow (United Kingdom) can utilise its open spaces in order...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Compensation Area Management is a national law enacted in 2010 as part of the Federal Nature Conservation Act (Bundesnaturschutzgesetz...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Edible City Andernach („Essbare Stadt Andernach“) is a municipal campaign in Andernach, Germany which aims to transform urban areas...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The campaign "1000 Geveltuinen" was launched in Rotterdam, the Netherlands in 2020 as a grassroots action to build 1000 facade...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Grey into Green (Szare na Zielone) funding programme aims to convert grey, sealed areas surrounding schools and kindergartens into...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The city of Hamburg in Germany introduced a stormwater fee in 2012 to provide an incentive for restoring ecosystems to provide more...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The City of Paris issued the Paris Climate Bond - a market-based instrument - in 2015 as a way to demonstrate the diversity of municipal...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Cloudburst Management Plan is a city-wide strategy for dealing with extreme rainfall events. The strategy was adopted by the City of...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
In 2017, the city of Aix-en-Provence in Southern France published a charter to preserve the tree heritage of the city. The Charter is a...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Municipal Water Management Plan (MWMP) of Isola Vicentina in Italy aims at reducing the threat of floods and landslides, events that...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The ‘Wijkgroenplan binnenstad’ (inner city neighborhood green plan) is a community-based agreement that is part of a wider initiative by...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The "Manzana verde" is a new mixed-use district in a former industrial area in the city of Málaga in southern Spain that is being...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The “Grandeur nature” Plan (2016-2020) aims to preserve and intensify nature in Strasbourg, France and is implemented by the city and the...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
Szczecin's Green Courtyards (Zielone Podwórka Szczecina) is a grant programme launched in 2008 for homeowners' associations in...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
"Greening Hannover" (Begrüntes Hannover) is a 2012-2022 subsidy programme for greening buildings and minimising land use (e.g....
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The ‘Mountain Forest Initiative’ (Bergwaldoffensive) was launched in 2008 by the Bavarian Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Forestry in...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Ruhr Regional Biodiversity Strategy was adopted in June 2022 by the assembly of the Ruhr Regional Association (RVR). The aim of the...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Lisbon Urban Allotment Garden Programme aims to convert vacant lots and degraded parks in Lisbon, Portugal into so-called urban...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The city of Wrocław, Poland has been running a participatory budgeting program (Wrocławski Budżet Obywatelski) since 2013. Participatory...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Municipality of Warsaw in Poland decided in 2020 to carry out a monetary valuation of ecosystem services provided by trees in Wola, one...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The "Green City of the Future" (Grüne Stadt der Zukunft) is a research project aiming to develop knowledge about integrated...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Weser Lifeline ("Lebensader Weser") is a local government-led urban planning program in Bremen, Germany which aimed to...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Berlin Rainwater Agency (Berliner Regenwasseragentur) is a joint initiative of the State of Berlin in Germany and the Berlin Water...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Grabiszyński Park Council (Rada Parku Grabiszyńskiego) is a council of experts, citizens, local NGOs and neighbourhood-level...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The precipitation water fee was introduced in Dresden, Germany in 1999 by the Dresden urban drainage utility company to reduce the amount...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The "Regulation on the protection of trees and the development of green areas in Wrocław" was issued by the Mayor of Wrocław in...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Regional Water Authorities (RWAs) in the Netherlands introduced a system of three different taxes in 2009 to cope with the complex...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The City of Athens in Greece implemented the Adopt-A-Tree-initiative in 2019 to engage citizens in helping the municipality water trees,...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The municipal council of Høje-Taastrup in Denmark designated 18 areas that should develop a "vision plan" for creating or...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Oslotrær - Oslo Trees project - is Oslo Municipality's collaboration initiative aiming to provide more space for trees in Oslo in...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The national initiative 'Plan Tree' in the Netherlands aims to plant 10 million native trees as a nature-based solution to...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
A procurement auction for low impact development (LID) measures was piloted in the Oslo city neighbourhood of Grefsen in 2019, in a...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The Green Fund for Warsaw (Zielony Fundusz dla Warszawy) is a financing mechanism launched in 2021 in the city of Warsaw (Poland) for...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Dublin City Council Climate Action Plan 2019 - 2024 was first published in 2019, consulted in early 2020 and formally adopted in May...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Aquifer Partnership (TAP) is a partnership established in England, United Kingdom between Brighton & Hove City Council, the South...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The Emscher Landscape Park (ELP) is a network of local parks in the northern Ruhrgebiet in Germany, being created over an area of around...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The 2016 Climate Adaptation Strategy (CAS) for Munich, Germany addresses a variety of urban challenges such as temperature rise, heat waves...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Masterplan Parkbogen Ost is a 2017 urban regeneration strategy aiming to revitalise Leipzig, Germany’s eastern district in a stepwise...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
As part of the Adopt-A-City initiative of the Municipality of Athens, companies can adopt a site in the city area. Often, these are places...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
‘Nature close-by’ (Natuur in je Buurt) is a 2016 project call from the Agency for Nature and Forests (ANB) of the Flemish government in the...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
Little Wilderness ('Kleine Wildernis') is an initiative by the Flemish Agency for Nature and Forest (ANB, Belgium) in which...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
River contracts ('riviercontracten') is a platform in Flanders (Belgium) for local stakeholders to engage and collaborate in...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The city of Ghent in the Netherlands launched a crowdfunding platform in 2015 to stimulate bottom-up projects with a societal benefit for...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
The city of Sint-Niklaas (Flanders, Belgium) launched a call “Treat yourself and your neighborhood to a free green facade” in 2021, within...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Ruhr Regional Biodiversity Strategy of the Ruhr Metropolitan Area in Germany includes environmental education as one of its nine focus...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
In 2009, the Aarhus City Council held a competition for the future use of the Bishorvet square, a former parking lot, to make it a...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Sheffield Waterways Strategy provides a strategic holistic vision for waterways in Sheffield, UK and is accompanied by an action plan...
- Economic and fiscal instruments
Since 2019, citizens of Eindhoven in the Netherlands can apply for a subsidy when they take sustainable measures for rainwater use and...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Barcelona Nature Plan 2021-2030 is a participatory strategy defining the commitments of the Barcelona (Spain) municipal government and...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
My Back Yard Action Plan is a plan to increase green space and enhance wildlife in domestic gardens across Manchester, UK. The basis for...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The city of Bologna in Italy developed a public-private partnership scheme 'Green Areas Inner-city Agreement' (GAIA) in 2010 to...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Strategy "Urban Nature in Copenhagen" (2015 - 2025) aims to ensure that the Danish capital develops into a green and climate-...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
Associations, initiatives and individual citizens have joined forces through Chemnitz's citizen platforms ("Bürgerplattformen...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The city of Eindhoven in the Netherlands provides all building projects with a digital calculation tool to calculate the amount of storage...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Green Infrastructure and Biodiversity Plan for the city of Madrid (Spain) is a set of documents outlining strategies, guidelines and...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The development and maintenance plan for Tempelhofer Feld in Berlin (Germany) defines the guidelines, contents and measures for the the ca...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The "Lärjeåns dalgång" conservation project in the city of Gothenburg (Sweden) is an initiative of the city to recommend and...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Municipality of Timisoara (Romania) initiated efforts to create ecological parking spaces in 2009 as a tool to reduce storm-water...
- Knowledge, communication and innovation instruments
The Concept Study on Adaption to the Impacts of Climate Change in Berlin (AFOK) is an evidence-based report commissioned by the Berlin...
- Legislative, regulatory and strategic instruments
The Dublin City Development Plan (2016-2022) sets out policies and objectives to guide how and where development will take place in the...
- Agreement-based or cooperative instrument
The intervention involves the transformation of a previously underdeveloped 650 sq meter construction site in Ljubljana, Slovenia which sat...